Force Main Design Guide for PVC Pipe: Essential Insights
In the world of wastewater management, PVC pipes shine for force mains—pressurized lines carrying sewage when gravity won't cut it. This guide from the Uni-Bell PVC Pipe Association demystifies designing durable PVC force mains, emphasizing cyclic pressures from pump cycles. With over 40,000 miles in service since the 1970s, PVC resists corrosion, maintains smooth hydraulics (C=150), and lasts 100+ years. Why PVC for Force Mains? Corrosion-Free : Unaffected by hydrogen sulfide, unlike metals. Efficient Hydraulics : Low friction reduces pumping costs; no degradation over time. Proven Longevity : A 1989 installation met new pipe standards in 2009. Cyclic Strength : Handles millions of pressure surges without failure. Core Design Elements Hydraulic design uses Darcy-Weisbach (roughness 7.0×10⁻⁶ ft) or Hazen-Williams equations. Key checks: Working Pressure : ≤ Pressure Class (PC) × Thermal Factor (FT). Recurring Surge : Normal...